Freud’s Theory of Id, Ego, Superego Essay

Sigmund Freud believed that our mind always have conflicts with itself. Anxiety and unhappiness is the main symptoms for this situation. Bertha Pappenhein alias Anna O case is one of the classic case study by Freud (Stevenson, 1996). Anna O is a young girl in her early twenties; she was a patient of Dr. Breuer. She showed some physiological and psychological disturbance like nervous cough, rigid paralysis, eye movement disturbed, power of speech reduces and others (Stevenson, 1996). After doing some hypnosis, Freud noticed that these disturbances are actually parts of her memories while she was nursing her dying father. There was once where her neighbour played a wonderful music, she was so excited and she started dancing; soon she had an urge to be at her neighbour’s house and thus leaving her father’s bedside. At that moment, she felt guilt and sadness for leaving her father’s bedside. After some time, she covers the internal conflict by coughing (Stevenson, 1996). This case had brought Freud to believe that our mind is divided into three parts- unconscious, conscious and preconscious minds which more commonly known as the id, ego and superego (Ciccarelli & White, 2012). The id or it is the primary personality found in an infant. The ids are usually demanding, immoral, illogical, irrational and selfish. It ignores about other’s desire or the reality and place it’s satisfaction at the first place (Ciccarelli & White, 2012). This is because id only functions to seek and maximize it’s pleasure and avoid pain, we say that id serves the pleasure principle (Schultz & Schultz, 2009). For example, a newborn baby; one who cries when the need is not reached but does not have the knowledge to satisfy the pleasure. Hence, the only way for the hungry infant to bring satisfaction is through reflex action. Freud has proposed this as the primary principle process (Schultz & Schultz, 2009). The only part in our mind which is in contact with reality is the ego (Feist & Feist, 2009). The ego is influenced by the â€Å"reality principle†. Ego will become more rational and logic. Besides, the ego is able to make the right decisions on each level. Ego does not ignore id’s demands but it will try to delay the action to bring satisfaction. As a child is growing up, they tend to receive punishments and gain rewards from their parents. Thus, they will learn how to avoid pain and gain pleasure at the same time (Feist & Feist, 2009). For instance, a child may want to steal some cookies from the kitchen, but will not when the parent is around (King, 2010). In short, ego can be explained as â€Å"if it feels good, do it, but only if you can get away with it† (Ciccarelli & White, 2012). The superego has the meaning of â€Å"above I† in Latin. Superego usually includes the moral values that obtained from the parents or society (McLeod, 2008). This is mainly guided by the idealistic principle where it convinces the ego to turn into moralistic goals rather than simply realistic ones. Freud suggested that around the age of 5, the superego starts to develop. According to Freud, superego consists of two parts, the conscience and ideal self. The conscience punishes the ego by creating feelings of guilt (McLeod, 2008). For example, a child steal some cookies from the kitchen, he or she will feel guilty. While for the ideal self develops from the experiences with reward for telling us how to behave and treat other people. Freud’s theory had attracted many followers due to the theory was new and creative (Plotnik, 2002). Vienna Psychoanalytic Society had formed to commence meetings with the supporters. However, some of the group members disagree with Freud’s theory and assumptions. One of the members who disagreed with Freud’s theory is Carl Jung. He was the first president of the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society. At the beginning he supported Freud fully; however Jung and Freud not only ended their personal relationship but also professional relationship after four years. Jung disagree that Freud emphasis too much on the sex drive, he believes that the collective unconscious is the main force in developing personality (Plotnik, 2002). The collective, universal human memories are called the archetypes (Boreree, 2006). Another member who disagrees with Freud is Alfred Adler (Plotnik, 2002). He was another contemporary of Freud who later became the president of the society. He was criticized badly by other members after he voiced out his disagreement on Freud’s theory, not long later he reigned. Alder believed that child-rearing practices and sibling influence are the main force for the development of personality. He had mentioned that the driving force behind all human endeavors is not seeking for pleasure but for superiority. Other than that, he suggested that the order of a child is born also affects the personality development (Plotnik, 2002). For instance, firstborn feel inferior when a younger child gets all the attention. Thus, they tend to be a little more competitive (Boreree, 2006). Although Freud’s theory had attracted so many followers, however there are some flaws in this theory. The main reason for this is because most of Freud’s researches are based on case study. Due to the inherent subjectivity, case study is difficult to generalize (Achilleos, 2012). The data are not gathered systematically and they are mainly based on the qualitative subjective data. In Freud’s case study, he did not keep any records of the therapy session. Besides, the validity of Freud’s data may be one of the weaknesses of this theory. He believes that taking notes during a therapy session may distract the patient, thus he discourages the analyst to take notes during the therapy session. As a result, Freud only gathers and records data based on his memory, and this might cause the data to be incomplete (Achilleos, 2012). I believed that many of us may be familiar with these three personalities. These personalities are frequently shown in the animated form (Ciccarelli & White, 2012). The little devil as the id, the superego is the little angel while the ego is the individual that is caught in the middle struggling to decide which action is right. Normally the id will demand for an act; the superego put restrictions on how the demand can be reached while the ego will negotiate between id’s demand and superego’s restrictions. Anxiety and unhappiness will form when the id or superego does not get things done according to it’s way. The constant id-superego inner conflict is Freud’s view on how the personality works (Ciccarelli & White, 2012). Although there are some flaws and lack of evidence to prove this theory, but certain parts of the theory does explain the personality of an individual.

Employee Safety, Health and Welfare Essay

The Company has policies and programs to address our employees’ broad range of concerns which includes working conditions, skills training, career opportunities, health and safety, and work-life balance. We have training and development programs suited to our employees’ needs. We also organize programs that support the well-being of employees, allow them to participate in PLDT’s CSR activities and obtain their feedback on company concerns. In accordance with the PLDT Personnel Manual, the Company provides medical benefits for our employees, which extends to their qualified dependents, subject to certain terms and conditions, , as well as adequate insurance coverage. The Company has also issued a Manual of Safety Practices to fulfill its commitment of providing and maintaining a safe and healthful work environment that is in accordance with industrial standards and which complies with legislative requirements. Relevant data on Safety The Environmental, Health and Safety (EHS) programs being implemented by the Company resulted to an accumulation of more than 14,400,000 safe man-hours in 2013 without lost time accidents. Relevant data on health and welfare The Company’s medical benefits include the full or partial cost of doctor consultation medical tests, medicine, hospital confinements and post-operative rehabilitation. Part of our preventive medical approach is to subject employees to Annual Physical and Dental Examination (88% compliance rate in 2013). Continuous medical education fora are being conducted monthly to address common health issues such as diabetes, hypertension, and cardio-pulmonary disease (82 conducted in 2013). The Company ensures that work-life balance is achieved by promoting sports and recreation programs with 30 various events (basketball, bowling, family fun day, volleyball, etc.) that covered and engaged 80% of employees in 2013. Likewise, the Company aims to empower its employees by providing them livelihood workshops and seminars (candle making, food processing, etc.) to engage them in productive activities that are potential for family income augmentation.

Psychology and Crime Essay

There are a number of other theories developed by researchers including Bandura (1986), Beck (1982), Ellis (1976) and Ross and Fabiano (1985) describing cognitive structures or thinking frameworks that lead to troubled or criminal behaviour. These theories suggest that how an individual thinks about an external event, not the event itself, can trigger feelings that lead to criminal behaviour. Cognitive restructuring enables offenders to change their anti-social attitudes and beliefs through a process that focuses on the individuals thinking patterns. Kohlberg (1978) in the theory of moral development was concerned with the cognitive processes behind moral judgement. He used the work of Piaget (1932) and suggested that moral reasoning advances with age. Offending occurs when there is a delay in moral development and the offender does not have the reasoning to resist temptation from offending. (Hollin as citied in Maguire 2002) This could explain why some criminals are seen to ‘grow out’ of criminality. This theory has been criticised on the basis that Kohlberg was explaining moral reasoning not moral behaviour. In conclusion psychoanalytical accounts do not offer a satisfactory explanation of crime but neither do any of the other theories on their own. Psychoanalytic theories concentrate on the unconscious, which is a contributing factor in the explanation of crime but the theory cannot explain all types of crime. Learning theories look at the values and beliefs that are learnt through the environment however they do not take into account internal or cognitive factors. Cognitive approaches help us to understand crime but do not explain the causes of crime. Cognitive theories focus on the individual and how the individual can be treated to change. This is why they are in favour with criminal justice at the moment. The theories assume that all offenders are the same however it is only crime itself that can be described in such a uniform way. In order to explain crime all the available theories including sociological theories need to be taken into account. As for psychoanalytical theories â€Å"Psychoanalytical theories stress the inner processes and conflicts as determinants of behaviour. However they do not ignore or neglect the environmental or social factors, but they favour the dynamic processes as playing a major role in the development of criminal behaviour†. (Hollin 1989) Bibliography Ainsworth.P (2000) Psychology and Crime: Myths and reality. (Essex: Pearson) Hollin.C (1989) Psychology and crime. (London: Routledge) Maguire.M etal (2002) The Oxford Handbook of Criminology (Oxford: Oxford University Press. 3rd Edition) McLaughlin.E & Muncie.J (2001) The Sage Dictionary of Criminology (Sage Publications ltd. London) Putwain.D & Sammons.A (2002) Psychology and Crime (East Sussex: Routledge)

Communications & IT Technology and its impact on Poverty Essay

Communications & IT Technology and its impact on Poverty - Essay Example ess the potential to act as tools in support of poverty reduction because of their flexibility, addressing issues in education, healthcare, banking, and livelihoods. They can also empower people locally and strengthen promotion of human rights, which makes them an increasingly essential presence in emerging economies (UNCTD 94). By basing these economies around information and technology, governments in emerging economies could potentially enhance the livelihoods of their citizens, while also creating new livelihoods. Technology can help reduce poverty in rural areas of emerging economies through lending support to agriculture activities. An example is the Israeli state-owned Techno-Agriculture Program that seeks to shore up food security in sub-Saharan Africa and already boasts successful initiatives in Niger, as well as South Africa (Chilimo & Ngulube 98). By partnering with NGOs in these countries, such as World Vision and Green Senegal, the program has also been successfully introduced in Senegal. These programs make information better available to farmers in rural areas about best practices, especially when there is drought. ICT can also create employment opportunities directly through manufacture of hardware and indirectly by increasing their productivity, for example, through improving market information access and decreasing costs of transaction for poor traders and farmers. E-commerce programs can also help artisans in rural areas bypass exploitative middlemen, as well as corrupt governa nce, to market their products directly to the market (Chilimo & Ngulube 98). In addition, ICT provides multimedia applications for use in schools, thus enhancing skills and knowledge. This will provide students with knowledge required to become employers and skilled or semi-skilled employees. Overall ICT implementation is also a potential contributor to national GDP since a highly skilled, well informed, and skilled workforce will strengthen and complement multi-sectoral

Accountants' Ethics in Shaping the Companys Financial Reality Assignment

Accountants' Ethics in Shaping the Companys Financial Reality - Assignment Example An accountant working for a public company must also abide by the standards set forth by the Sarbanes Oxley Act (SOX) of 2002 and all other Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) regulations. There specific ethical challenges accountants may face that can change the revenues of a company. For instance, if a company switches from LIFO to FIFO depreciation, it can overestimate or underestimate the revenues of the firm.   Whenever a change occurs in depreciation method accountants are supposed to reveal the change in the notes to the financial statements. The accounting profession requires people that have high moral and ethical standards in order to properly serve the best interest of a corporation.The financial services industry has been under heavy scrutiny in the United States ever since the government gave the banks a bailout package worth over $700 billion. There are ethical challenges the industry faces in multiple segments of the industry. Prior to 2008, the banking industry acted unethically in many of its decisions because it gave out home loans to people that did not qualify for loans under normal credit criteria. The risky loans created the housing bubble. The housing bubble was one of the main factors that led to the global recession. The supply for housing exceeded demand. The realtors acted as brokers instead of facilitators and they sold homes to people based on speculative price appreciations. Full compliance with the Sarbanes Oxley Act can help accountants comply with the highest ethical standards possible since SOX covers accountability, internal controls, and prevention of fraud issues. The top executive management teams are subject to prison terms of up to 25 years if the financial statements of public companies have material error or fraud. Overall financial risk can be mitigated in the financial industry by using sound diversification strategies.

Compare Emilia and Desdemona Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Compare Emilia and Desdemona - Essay Example Her speech here with lines like ,"So much I challenge that I may profess/ Due to the Moor my lord"(I, iii, 191-192) makes her appear to be an articulate woman who knows her own mind, a woman who has eloped with a racially disparate man, and is able to defend her choice with sagacity and courage. Desdemona's resolute profession of her love shows us the practical nature and the intensity of her affections: "My downright violence and storm of fortunes/May trumpet to the world: my heart's subdued/ Even to the very quality of my lord:/I saw Othello's visage in his mind,/And to his honor and his valiant parts/ Did I my soul and fortunes consecrate". ( I, iii, 254- 59)She is a woman in love, who is ready to go to strange parts in order to be with her husband, and is also a woman much loved, as we see when she is reunited with her husband at Cyprus. "Desdemona was a stranger, not just different in class from Emilia, different in species. Emilia watched her from a cautious distance, the impulsive girl whose giddy love, written on her incandescent face, demonstrated that she had nothing in common with her".(Rutter, 2001) Emilia's marriage is of long standing and she has seen the world with all its realities. Her husband does not lose a moment in putting her down in company, and does so viciously and with a barely concealed venom, slandering not just her but her entire kind: "Come on, come on; you are pictures out of doors,/Bells in your parlors, wild-cats in your kitchens,/Saints in your injuries, devils being offended, Players in your housewifery, and housewives' in your beds". ( II, i, 113-117)We know from the very beginning that though loyal to her husband, she is living a loveless marriage. And beyond a few one-line dialogs, she indeed has no speech in the first scenes after her appearance. Having left her father's home and the confines of Venetian society for the first time, Desdemona is in a relaxed frame of mind. Somewhat guileless, her circumstances of living with her married love have made her cheerful, bantering, tolerant , as is evident from her good-humored response even to Iago's lack of taste in his very first conversation with her. She mislays her handkerchief, and lovingly nags her husband on Cassio's case by playing the shrew, fully assured of her power over Othello and her ability to make him do her bidding. She feels it her part to play the nagging wife and present it as a 'boon' to the husband: Her performance exploits and collapses the two male fantasies that most define early modern wives: the one, negative, of the shrew, and the other, the ideal of the submissive subordinate. Lest we believe the stereotypes and think Desdemona truly shrewish, she announces that she will play the shrew.....In merging the postures of good wife and shrew, Desdemona indirectly challenges the presumption of their difference enforced in marriage handbooks, homilies, church courts, misogynist pamphlets, and the like. Her performance highlights what that discourse masks: that to be a shrew is, in fact, to follow the rules, to be obediently disobedient, to fill a role created by (male) authorities who needed shrews in order to contain, by criminalizing, female speech. Conversely, Desdemona also places outspokenness within the perimeters of appropriate wifely

Statistics 401 Mod 5 Case - Multiple Regression Analysis Coursework

Statistics 401 Mod 5 Case - Multiple Regression Analysis - Coursework Example In the normal regression analysis, we usually use regression to establish the relationship between a variable and another variable. In such a case, it is establish whether or not the changes in one of the variables affect the other variable. The one which is affected is the dependent variable because it depends on the changes of the other so as to have its changed value. The one which is being depended upon to change is the independent variable because it changes on its own. This is for instance in the case where harvest from a corn field is being tested to establish whether or not it has a relationship with the amount of rainfall in the year. The harvest is the dependent variable while the rainfall amount is the independent variable. In the case of multiple regression analysis, the independent variables are more than one. ... In this analysis where in this case assignment we were looking at housing starts again, this time we added another variable to the equation.   The historical values above give interest rates, lumber prices (dollars per board-foot) and number of starts.  Ã‚  We computed a  multiple regression equation  using these variables, with starts as the DV.   Interest and price are the IVs.  Ã‚   From the computation of the regression analysis, I obtained the results shown above using the excel multiple regression. The regression analysis involved using the Housing stats as the Y variables in the excel regression file, and both the interest rate and the Price per board foot as the X variables. Based on the results of the regression as shown in the excel except above, the regression formula that I computed is of the form Y = a1*X1 + a2*X2 + b Where Y = number of housing starts X1 = interest rates a1 = regression coefficient of interest rates X2 = lumber prices a2 = regression coeffic ient of lumber prices b = constant. The values of a1 and a2 correspond to the values on the Regression coefficients table shown above. The value of a1 is that on the interest rates coefficients which is -1203318. Likewise, the value of a2 is that on the price per board foot coefficient which is -17836.8. The value of the constant b is also found on the coefficients table. It is the value of the sample estimate of the standard deviation of the error In this case it has the value 155138.1. X1 and X2 are of course variables that correspond to the interest rates and the price per board foot respectively. In turn, the formula thus becomes:- Y = -1203318*X1 + -17836.8*X2 + 155138.1 Using this formula, it is now much easy to do

Marketing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Marketing - Assignment Example The purpose of SWOT analysis is to provide a realistic appraisal of the firm and the environment in which it operates. SWOT provides a basis for the formulation of realistic goals and objectives and strategies for their implementation. Without a SWOT analysis the firm's planning process is fatally flawed. Planning is an information-based activity and, without information planning, quickly degenerates into a political exercise in selling individual biases and preconceptions. Further complicating matters is that if SWOT is not essentially conducted, there is no basis upon which to assess progress toward the accomplishment of goals and objectives; and the accountability upon which managerial control is based also quickly degenerates. There are significant benefits to SWOT. By the identification of the strengths and weaknesses of the organization, strategies can be designed to efficiently allocate the organization's resources, hence increasing overall organizational effectiveness. SWOT c an identify profitable opportunities and high-risk ventures that enhance the firm's effectiveness. Preventive measures can be designed to avoid major environmental threats that may save large amounts of resources that might otherwise be required to correct damage from those environmental threats. ... There are several environments in which a firm functions. These environments are the economic environment, the sociopolitical environment, and the technological environment. Each of these environments has important components and implications for the strategic planning process. The economic environment consists of both factor and product markets considerations. The availability of supporting market structures, intermediate goods, labor, and the price levels within these areas will determine the costs of production for the firm. The product market; its relative competitiveness, whether it is expanding or contracting; and its continued viability will determine the ability of the firm to generate revenues from that market. The case presented here examines the crisis and ongoing problems of Marks & Spencer, one of Britain's best known retail brands that has experienced after many years of unbroken success. The case examines the factors that contributed to perhaps the most serious threat that the company has faced in its over 100-year history and identifies the implications for the company's future public relations strategy. Marks & Spencer (M&S) is one of the UK's largest, best-known retailers and their brand has been synonymous with reliability, value and quality for generations. Marks & Spencer has been viewed as setting the standards that other retailers have striven to match over the years and, until recently, was recognized as one of Britain's best-managed companies with an enviable track record of successful growth and profits. The company has consistently been rated as Britain's 'most favored company' in surveys among business leaders. The name

Report and Letter Concerning Law Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Report and Letter Concerning Law - Case Study Example First of all, Mr. Ford is liable for having been negligent to Ms. Smith.   In the case of negligence, one must establish a duty of care.   To define negligence is to realize that it is the following.   It is:   â€Å"[c]onduct that falls below the standards of behavior established by law for the protection of others against the unreasonable risk of harm.   A person has acted negligently if he or she has departed from the conduct expected of a reasonably prudent person acting under similar circumstances.†      Obviously, Mr. Ford’s conduct was well below standards established by law to protect others against risk of harm according to the rules of the road.   Mr. Ford put Ms. Smith at unreasonable risk of harm.   Mr. Ford, subsequentially, by diverting his vehicle from the proper direction on the road in front of him, did not act as a reasonably prudent person in making the choice to pass the cars that were ahead of him—solely for the purpose of o vertaking the cars in front of him.To maintain negligence was a â€Å"cause of action,† there are four criteria which must be met:1. â€Å" [T]he defendant had a duty [or a promise to exercisecare] to the plaintiff..[;] [2.]   [T]he defendant breached that duty by failing to conform to the required standard of conduct..[;] [3.]   [T]he defendant’s negligent conduct was the cause of   harm to the plaintiff..[;] and [4.]   [T]he plaintiff was, in fact, harmed or damaged.†Ã‚  ... 1. " [T]he defendant had a duty [or a promise to exercise care] to the plaintiff..[;] [2.] [T]he defendant breached that duty by failing to conform to the required standard of conduct..[;] [3.] [T]he defendant's negligent conduct was the cause of harm to the plaintiff..[;] and [4.] [T]he plaintiff was, in fact, harmed or damaged."3 As it concerns Mr. Ford, he first had an obligation to Ms. Smith that that he had the duty to her to be a responsible driver. He then breached such obligation to be a responsible driver by going into her lane just because he wanted to overtake the line of cars ahead of him. Mr. Ford's third cause of action, that his conduct was harmful to Ms. Smith-as Ms. Smith consequentially broke her left fibula and was left with three cracked ribs-is an obvious factor, seeing as how the facts of the case prove this. Lastly, it is apparent that Ms. Smith was harmed in the accident. All of these aspects help prove further that Mr. Ford was negligent towards Ms. Smith. From having suffered this negligence, Ms. Smith has some recourse in presenting her case as a personal injury case in court. Ms. Smith could sue for pain and suffering incurred, which would include the "mental and emotional trauma which are recoverable as elements of damage in torts."4 Mr. Ford would not be able to receive any monetary awards due to damages on his car. He would have no case, as he would be the defendant. Further, the fact that Ms. Smith was convicted of not having vehicle insurance two days prior to the accident does not have a bearing on her receiving benefits from this torts case. However, Mr. Ford is liable to Ms. Smith for having been the cause of Ms. Smith's health problems and subsequent future

Stock market Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Stock market - Essay Example The Stock Market A stock can be termed as a partial ownership of a company. The partial ownerships are called shares are offered to the public through the initial public offering for the first time. The stocks can then be sold and bought by the public at any time after the initial public offering. A person who owns as little as one share of a company is said to be a shareholder and has partial ownership of that particular company. Stocks are bought with the hope that they will appreciate in value thus the shareholder makes a profit. This is what has made the stock market to be very popular. When a company is doing well, the value of its stock appreciates in value and when it is not doing well, the value of its stock decreases (Furang 6). The stock market is one of the most profitable ventures in the world. Investors can buy shares of the companies of interest at a low price and sell them at a high price thus making profits. To do this successfully, the investor has to understand the company they are interested in completely. The issues of the company affect the value of the stock directly. As such, the investor is required to keep following up the happenings of the company to know the best time to purchase stocks of that company. Timing on the time to purchase the stock is important (Kettell 33). The value of stock can really appreciate over time; the little profits earned at any given time can be compounded over the months and years leading to higher profits. In fact, those interested in stocks should invest with the quest to compounding whatever they earn over the years. That is the best method of investing in stocks. Compounding interest from stocks for one or more decade can generate a lot of profits especially for the well performing companies. Looking at Apple Inc as an example, the value of its shares has increased by over four hundred percent in the last 18 years. An investor, who purchased Apple stocks worth one thousand dollars in 1995, has over four thousand worth currently (Pundit 1). There are some people who have been able to make the percent of their capital or more per year. They get their capital back in at most ten years at that rate. What they earn after that are just profits. There are some stocks that have appreciated even faster getting the capital back faster (Schabacker 42). Another reason that creates a lot of interest in stocks is diversification. An investor can purchase many stocks of different companies thereby spreading the risk. They are guaranteed of profits almost every month. When the stocks of some companies are performing poorly, others are performing well. The investor will benefit from the well performing stocks and can hold the poor performing stocks till they become profitable. Stocks at times may fluctuate below the buying price and then increase above the buying price after sometime. It is important for an investor to understand the fundamentals of the company and the historical price pattern to b enefit through this. These are also known as fundamental and technical analysis and have proven to be very effective over the years for investors who use them (Weir 98). While stocks are profitable, some people are not comfortable in investing in stocks. Stocks are affected by several things. Economic slow down can

Jhumpa Lahiri’s Interpreter of Maladies Essay Example for Free

Jhumpa Lahiri’s Interpreter of Maladies Essay The Third and Final Continent is the last short story in Jhumpa Lahiri’s Interpreter of Maladies; and is probably the most memorable one. A newly married young man makes his way from India to England and then to the US where he is making arrangements to call his wife from back home. Lahiri’s tone from the very beginning sounds distant, but equally engaging, her style is painfully simple; and the structure of the story is as clear as the title. Lahiri gives an account of one man’s journey through three different continents. The story becomes captivating from the very first paragraph. She describes the narrator’s experiences in England where he lives with other â€Å"penniless Bengali bachelors all struggling to educate and establish themselves abroad [1].†   But our protagonist is offered a job at M.I.T and decides to settle down in the U.S. Here is when the story truly picks up momentum. Even with her simple style, Lahiri has also employed a strong underlying sense of humor. On his way to America, the narrator discovers that â€Å"President Nixon had declared a national holiday: two American men had landed on the moon [1].† The line is almost comical; the narrator is most uninterested in one of the greatest achievements in American history. Lahiri succeeds in describing America through the eyes of a foreigner to a new land. The narrator’s experience in America is a totally alien. Lahiri describes the new life and world around him in great detail, giving long descriptions of the food, clothes and the general attitude of people. And then the story moves on to Mrs. Croft. The relationship that follows is humorous yet endearing and heart-warming. In fact, here is where Lahiri’s genius lies. Mrs. Croft and the narrator come from two different diverse cultures and lives, yet no culture, race or color seem to come in between their friendship. Lahiri also brings forward the custom of arranged marriages, largely prevalent in India. â€Å"I regarded the proposition with neither objection nor enthusiasm. It was a duty expected of me, as it was expected of every man [1].† Even though he does not know his wife when the two get married, they begin to understand each other slowly. In fact, their first moment of understanding is in Mrs. Croft’s parlor, where the old woman calls Mala â€Å"A perfect lady [1].† â€Å"I like to think of that moment in Mrs. Crofts parlor as the moment when the distance between Mala and me began to lessen [1].† The style and structure of Lahiri’s story are effortless and straight-forward. The words used too are simple. But it is exactly this simplicity which makes the story so close to life. The narrator’s tone is so disengaged from the story that it seems like a bland narration. Yet the events in that narration are so moving and heartening that it makes the reader feel like a part of the story. The forms a deep bond with his wife, initially, a complete stranger; and through the two the reader can see and experience the pain of losing one’s cultural identity and heritage. Their son is completely Americanized and has no interest in his Bengali roots. They wish that would â€Å"eat rice with us with his hands, and speak in Bengali, things we sometimes worry he will no longer do after we die [1].† Lahiri ends the story beautifully, describing the narrator’s journey through life in a few simple lines â€Å"Still, there are times I am bewildered by each mile I have travelled, each meal I have eaten, each person I have known, each room in which I have slept. As ordinary as it all appears, there are times when it is beyond my imagination [1].† Works Cited: Lahiri, Jhumpa, The third and final continent, retrieved from http://www.dequinix.com/a/continent.php

NewEgg Essay Example for Free

NewEgg Essay NewEgg. com is the fastest computer software and hardware retailer online store. Newegg. com is a leading e-retailer committed to becoming the most loved and trusted marketplace on the web by offering superior shopping experience, rapid delivery, and stellar customer service. NewEgg. com was founded by Fred Chang in 2001 running operation in California. As today NewEgg. com has more than 11 million registered users and has managed to gain their trust as the customer gets excellent service, fast process and delivery. Newegg. com has implemented a tracking system that allows them to fulfill and process orders, allocate parts needed in a fast and organized way to save time. The system makes an accurate forecast that let them know to refill their inventory and workload as needed. Once the order gets entered the system labels and assigns a tote that moves on a conveyor system to a pick up area where parts get scanned along the tote and order gets filled. By doing so it keeps the inventory controlled and parts bins get refilled as inventory gets low. The company reduces the operational cost by monitoring orders and work loads, if an area gets busy its easy for the managers to re assign operators to move and reduce the work load in that area. Conveyors not in used the systems stops the automatically to save energy. UPS and FedEx make almost 10 stops a day bringing parts and making pick ups to deliver customers. High percentage of orders gets processed and leaves facilities within the same day and makes it to the customer by the second business days and just about the 10 percentage the customer gets it by the third day.

Reviewing The Airasia Online Booking System Information Technology Essay

Reviewing The Airasia Online Booking System Information Technology Essay Help management to maintain their information for business use The management team can maintain their customer information for any emergency cases such as flight cancellation or delay due to the weather problem. They can also use the customer information to track on their preferences and travel pattern to keep them updated to a better plan that suits them. Besides that, it gives management the real-time information about the availability of seat on flight so that it will be all sold by not overbooking. The system is able to protect the customers privacy such as their personal information. Enables customer have a better journey planning The system provides customer a more flexible access mode as they can now make purchases by phone, Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), and internet. So, customer can make the reservation in an easier and faster way. They can book their airline ticket not matter when and where they are as long as there are internet asses even if they are at the overseas. They can now easily check for their ticket status by website or mobile phone. The system also reduces the customer effort in rescheduling their trip as it could reduce the searching effort they usually need to take. It can show all the possible itineraries available for the pair of origin to destination cities. Increase the company sales or revenue Company can maximise the income as the system help to increase the customer awareness about the various special offers and discount available. It also increases by minimising the number of empty seats available on the flight and maximising the flight capacity utilisation. It can offer a lower price ticket on their website as they could skip the intermediaries such as agency. Besides that, AirAsia who have a competitive advantage than its competitor such as Malaysia Airline System (MAS) or Firefly as the company give a cheaper price for the airline ticket to its customer. Therefore, this system help the company to create a new sales channel that enables them to save the commission need to pay to the agency and at the same time, it increases their profit margin. The users for the system above are: Travel Agency They selling travel related products and services to customers on behalf of suppliers such as flight ticket, accommodation packages and so on. Through using airline system, they will check various flight dates and times, arrange accommodation and then travel agent booking or group booking. Besides that, they will try their best to fit the tourist requirement such as providing meals on air. For travel agent booking, they must join Airasia as an authorized sales agent by having a valid license, also known as the SkyAgent . Businessman This is a person who involved in the management of a company. Most of the time they travel overseas in order to meet their client. Their major concern is about the transportation cost for flight and they would prefer to pick a business seat which has premium flat bed because it provides maximum comfort and spacious. In addition, they will feel more refresh after long distance travelling. Through [emailprotected],They also can carter airline service for the purpose of meeting, convention and for leisure with Boeing 737-300 or Airbus 320. Student and traveller They are people who always purchase individually through online booking, group booking or mobile booking. Besides that, they also like to purchase low cost fare flight ticket because most of them are from average family. Therefore they will try to get cheap ticket by keep searching it or wait for the promotion period. In order to get cheap flight ticket, they would choose economy seat which have hot seat and standard seat. For those who want to get the plane first, they are recommended to get hot seat rather than standard seat. Therefore, each user have different buying pattern such as group booking, individual booking and mobile booking. The differences from group booking and individual booking are the guest will need to pay a non-refundable service fee and deposit per guest. Secondly, the full guest list with identification card number and passport number must be extended to AirAsia one week before departure. For using mobile phone, you can book flight ticket, gets details on flight schedules and check in from anywhere. Question 2 (a) Function: Email as the communication tool Base on the AirAsia airline system, the system have provide emailing function to their customer. E-mail is a system of creating, sending and storing textual data in digital form over a network. It can send and receive messages electronically over a computer network, as between personal computers. In this 21st century, e-mail has become the most preferred tool for communication. AirAsia uses this function to advertise their promotion and services to their customer. If customer registers as a member of AirAsia, they can get some best perks from the AirAsia. Be a AirAsia member, they can receive their newsletters which make them have the first information about their latest low fares and other fantastic offers. AirAsia advertises this promotion and services to their members through the emailing .Through the email advertising allows AirAsia to grab their customer attention and interest immediately. Customer of AirAsia can get the lasted news as fast as possible by the email. Email is by far the fastest form of written communication. Customer can first to know more detail with the lasted news or promotion of AirAsia. Email can distribute information quickly to many people for the time it takes to email one person. No other service matches the e-mail in terms of speed. By the way, emailing is a fast and now the most popular business communication with customers, enabling us to reach an unlimited number of recipients at low cost. AirAsia using this function to delivered instantly, anywhere across the globe. It is because email is leverage. AirAsia are able to send out email messages to literally millions of clients. Recipients are able to receive the message and respond instantly by the email. The messages that send from AirAsia at a cost that is close to zero. They are able to mail a simple message to a few thousand individuals without any payment. Besides that, AirAsia using this emailing function in their customer service department. AirAsia have provide the 24 hour online service to their customer, especially is customer service department. When customers have some question or problem related with the AirAsia flight or their booking, it is able for them to ask by using the emailing function. Customer Service of  AirAsia also have provide some simple question and answer which is divide into 5 main category. It is easy for customer to search and find out their answer. If customer cant find what they want, they can contact the customer service of AirAsia through the email instantly. Through the emailing function of AirAsia provided, customer are able to update their information .Trough the function of emailing, it is possible to send automated e-mails using special programs. Hence, AirAsia able to send automated e-mails to their customer or member monthly or when have some special promotion. Email advertising that send by AirAsia can keeping their customer up to date with their promotion. Customer can refreshes their information and also able to know more detail and promotion that provide by AirAsia through the email. By the way, it is also easy for customer to do reference when customer needs to check back or reply their mail. There is a provision in the mailing system to attach the previous mails as references. This function can refresh the recipients knowledge, it also able for customer to reference back the important information. For the example like date for flight, their booking receipt number and some of the important data. Question 2 (b) Improvement on email function For my opinion, AirAsia need to make some improvement for their emailing function. Although emailing has brought a lot of advantages to their customer, however it also includes some disadvantages. AirAsia have to make some improvement for this function to make their service much better. Email is emotional responses. Some emails cause upset or anger. A reply in the heat of the moment cant be retracted. Through the emailing, people easy misunderstanding with the message. Hence, AirAsia can provide a video call system to their customer. Through the video call function, people easy to get the message or information. Cases of misunderstanding of customer will be decrease. With this video call function, customer service department of AirAsia are easy to get the message from their customer. They can easy get the message about the problem that customer facing, and reply their customer instantly. In the other hand, AirAsia can provide this video call function without any payment to their customer. Free video calling are able to attract more people to use this function. This function enables them to talk face -to-face with live video for free. Besides that, AirAsia also can create a system for car rental to customers. Some of the customer of AirAsia may need a vehicle as their transport, especially is visitor. Some of the visitor will rent a car as their transport. Hence, it was functionable if AirAsia have provided this car rental system for their customers. The client can book the car rental service from AirAsia. It was possible booking the flight ticket with car rental in AirAsia. It is very easy to booking a car rental through online. Customer just need to state about the pick-up and drop-off location, pick-up and drop-off date and car type. It was simple and easy to customer to book a car rental. With this function, visitor is able to save a lot of time and money to find the transport or vehicles. All of this suggestion can make AirAsia airline system better and complete. Question 2 (a) Function: Hotel booking, provide destination guide and book for tour activity. AirAsia has cooperated with many hotels around Asia Country allow traveler to made hotel booking on the AirAsia website. There are many users of this system such as individual traveler, corporate booking, travel agent booking or government booking. This system makes traveler more convenience because they can straightaway to book for the hotel accommodation after they book a flight in the same systems. Besides that, this system also provides users to make a comparison either in price, hotel rating or facility provided with other hotel booking website. AirAsia also provide traveler to search for better saving hotel accommodation as AirAsia having AirAsiaGo promotion such as mystery hotel and is lowest price guarantee. Mystery hotel is means that traveler pay 3-star rates hotel for accommodate at 5-star hotel but with terms and condition that is the hotel name will not be revealed but hints will be provided, such as the location, facilities found at the Mystery Hotel. Lowest price guarantee is to guarantee to customers that booking hotels with airasiago.com is definitely cheaper price compared to elsewhere online. AirAsia can achieved this by refund the price difference to those customers that able to find lower hotel rates on any other website as compared to the booking made at airasiago.com (same time period and same hotel booking) and is subject to terms conditions. Customers just need to send email to [emailprotected] to claim for the price different. To book a hotel accommodation with AirAsia, customers can visit the AirAsia.com home page (http://www.airasia.com/my/en/home.html) in 6 easy steps as shown below. Step 1 Search Browse for the hotel accommodation by select your vacation city or region. Then, fill in the check-in and check-out date, select number of rooms that you want to book, select number of guest (adult or children) and stated the currency for the payment purpose. After you have key in all this information, now you can click the search and there will be process your requirement. Step 2 Select Now, the systems will be shown out the all hotels that meet the customers requirement. Customers can sort this hotel name view in either price or star rating. So, customers are required to click on the book now at the hotel slide that they choose. Then, customers also required to choose the Room type Features. Step 3 Options After that, customers also can add any additional activities to their itinerary such as airport transfer, our package and so on. Then, customers need to confirm their itinerary and simply click continue to the next process. Step 4 Travelers Detail Customers are required to fill in the contact information. Step 5 Payment Customers can choose for the payment method either credit card or debit card and make the payment. Step 6 Confirmation Once the payment is processed, the hotel accommodation itinerary will be shown and send to your email address Besides that, AirAsia also has cooperated with travel agent to allow travel agent to publish their tour package on AirAsia website. This system has beneficial for those individual that had book flight and hotel accommodation on the AirAsia website to browse for the tour package available and book for their prefer tour package. So, traveler no needs to find other travel agency to book for the travel package. Hence, this will reduce cost such as communication to travel agency and time to confirm the booking as this system can instant confirm on website. Next, AirAsia also got provide destination guide to users for vacation purpose. This is beneficial to those who going to plan for vacation but no idea for the vacation place, then they can search for this systems on AirAsia website. This system will show all the interesting and famous place for vacation around the Asia Country. For example, is Ocean Park and Hong Kong Disneyland at Hong Kong, gold coast at Australia and so on. This systems is easy to use, traveler just need to click on destination guide under the travel info, then just click the destination place that their wan t to know more. User also can choose for detailed information on dining, sightseeing, culture, art theater, nature eco, shopping of the country. This will help travelers that plan for vacation to decide and choose their prefer vacation place. AirAsia also provides a system that allows users to search for the event calendar so that they can plan to go to the event activity. This system also quite easy for the user as it just clicks on the event calendar under the travel info. This system is beneficial to those travelers who want to go for some of the special event activity such as Macau Food Festival, Halloween Hong Kong Treats, Hong Kong Sinfonietta Accompanies Hong Kong Ballet in The Nutcracker, Christmas in the Tropics, Walkerhill Show Legend of Flower and so on because travelers can check for the time this activity happen on AirAsia website. Question 2 (b) Add new cruises booking One of the services or functions that can be add to the current AirAsia website systems to provide cruises booking for users. Future users of this system might include individual, couple, family or group booking, corporate booking, travel agent booking or government booking. Couple may like to have a honeymoon cruise trip or having a memorable cruise wedding. Besides that, cruises is also one of the choice for family, friends or company trip as there have a lot of activities ranging from snorkelling and biking to sauna and spa treatments. This service would increase sales to AirAsia because this cruise package is in very high demand. So, AirAsia should implement this service into the current system website so that users can book for the cruise package. The way of booking this cruise package system is almost same as the hotel booking systems. Besides that, this system also can provide some theme for user to select such as family cruises, luxury cruises, holiday cruise, week end cruise and so on. User can book this theme cruise by click on the Cruise them promotion. If user is more likely to choose the destination and time by themselves, they can search by following steps. First, user need to search for their prefer cruise destination and the duration time for the cruise. Then, user is required to fill in the departure month and date. Anyway, the systems would ask users how flexible are they for the departure date such as expand their search to include days before and after their preferred departure date because it is unlike flights, cruises dont depart every day from every port. Next, user also need to select their prefer cruise line and cruise ship. Lastly, user required to select the cruise departure port and stated the currency for the payment purpose. Now, user can click search. Second, the systems will process all the information and shown out all the available cruise. User can sort this cruise view in either price or ship rating. Now, user need to choose their prefer cruise and click on the select button at the cruise slide that they choose. Third, user can search for the availability of the entertainment or activity on the cruise ship such as Bars, Clubs Lounges, Casino Gambling, Spa, Sports Fitness, Shops, Leisure, Enrichment, Kids Families and so on. This can help user to planning for this activity on the cruise. User also can view the cruise Itinerary at here such as time of arrive or departure at which place. Besides that, user also can look for the availability and the price for the dinning. After the user has know all about the cruise information and confirm for this cruise package then they can click continue for further process. Now, user need to select the number of passengers (Adults or children). User also required to choose their dinning preferences either personal choice dining or second dining. Then, user need to select the table size either medium , small or large. Lastly, user must enter their contact information. Then, user need to specify what type of stateroom category that wants to book such as Suite, Balcony Stateroom, Oceanview Stateroom and Interior Stateroom. Fifth, user need to key in all detailed information. User are required to check the billing information and the contact information. Now, user needs to pay for this cruise package either in debit or credit card. This system can generate more sales for the AirAsia and get more users to use the AirAsia website to plan and book for vacation. Question 2 (a) Functions: Payment methods, 1-Click Card and multi currency pricing system From the system that we have chosen, I would like to discuss about the payment function that are available for AirAsia booking system. Every traveller who purchases their ticket from the website or mobile phone is requiring making the payment prior their purchase. After they have entered their guest information and the additional service that they needed, they are require to choose which payment option and method they would like to use. The payment options are VISA, Master Card or American Express and they can use credit card or debit card, e-gift voucher and direct debit to pay it. Let look at them one by one to see how to use this method to make payment. For the credit or debit card payment, it is the same as the normal way of payment that we use to pay for things that we purchase online. The travellers are required to choose the type of card that they would like to use to make their payment. Then enter their card details on the screen and billing address. They must ensure that the information is the same with the credit or debit card information. Before click on the word Pay to make the payment, they must double check whether the final amount and guest name are correct. After that, be patient to wait for around 45 second for the system to process the transaction. When it is successful, their travel itinerary will automatically appear for them to print and it is also email to them. Direct Debit is another method where the travellers can choose to make their payment. First, they must click on the Direct Debit tab and choose their preferred Bank for payment. There are Maybank, Public Bank. CIMB Clicks, AmOnline and BankRakyat. After selecting the bank that they would like to use, there will be pop-up windows on their preferred bank. They are required to login to their bank account in order to process the payment. To perform the transaction, they must select the account and confirm the payment details by clicking Next. Verify the account by key in their Identification Code (IC) or Passport Number and click Confirm to precede the transaction. Before log out from the page, they must print their payment details for future reference. Once all this is done, the travel itinerary will be display. Traveller can also pay using the E-Gift Voucher (EGV). They can get the EGV by purchasing it online or get it as a gift from AirAsia. They can use it by key in the E-Gift Voucher Number and password. If they have more than one voucher, click on + to add the next voucher by key in the number and password. When there are any remaining balances after deduction from the voucher, they need to pay it using credit or debit card. So they must click on the Credit / Debit Card tab to proceed. Then they must do the same process as the credit or debit card payment explained in the second paragraph. After all the payment, the travel itinerary will appear for print. In additional, there are this new features added to bring convenience to travellers who always purchase flight ticket using the credit or debit card. This is called 1-Click Card. It will change the way they can complete their payment as previous. Now, they do not need to fumble and rush to key in their card details. Before they are able to use this 1-Click Card, they must add their favourite cards into the list on their account. How can they do so? They must login their account in AirAsia.com and go the My Profile. Then move the mouse to My 1-Click Card and select Add/Delete details. They are required to add on their card details for all the mandatory fields and save it. However, they can only add a maximum of 3 cards in this feature. So whenever they need to book any ticket online no matter through web or mobile, they can just click on the card they want to use for purchase without key in the details. Besides that, AirAsa has currently cooperated with The Royal Bank of Scotland (RBS) to provide a multi-currency pricing system to it online system. These systems enable the travellers can immediately get the actual price that they are paying according to their country currency. This could enhance the company online sales by eliminate the uncertainty of exchange rates fluctuation. For now, the currencies available for online sales are US dollar, Singapore dollar, Hong Kong dollar, pound, and Australian dollar. Question 2 (b) Improvement on the payment system There are many customer complaints that they face problems when they are making payment for their flight ticket. When they have finish entering all their card details and click Pay, some of them may even get a page stated that our site is experiencing high traffic, please try again later after they key in the payment details especially during promotion period, facing an error or connection problem. Some may also face problem when they tends to make payments for two different routes flight. For example, there are these customers who plan to help his friends to purchase the flight ticket using his account. For the current system, he can only make the booking by finish the first booking before book for the second flight. But there are these chances where he has successfully paid for the first ticket and when he purchase for the second ticket, he now face an error that state that the payment was unsuccessful. Therefore, as an improvement, I would like suggest to AirAsia that they should upgrading its payment system that enables the customer to book two different route tickets with just one payment with his credit or debit card. How to do so? First, AirAsia should meet with the bank officer that that they have relation on the system and those IT management team to discuss on how to apply this function to the current booking system. After all the discussion, they must design the system to apply. They can put an extra box in the booking section where they can tick on whether they are purchasing more than one ticket. If they tick it, they will be shown with two columns for them to enter the destination and date they are going. After entering it, they will be shown with two fare prices for the different route tickets and they are required to choose. Then they have to enter two type of information. One is for the first trip guest information then another for the second trip as they may be different guest. After all the booking details, they come to the page where they need to make the payments. Now the system must be able to sum up the total price for both of the ticket purchase and the additional charges on other services. Then the customers choose on the payment method that they wanted to use and click Pay. So they are now able to make two ticket purchases with just one time of payment. For the bank site, they must enable the customer to make their payment online although it might be a huge sum. Their customer service centre can also call the customer and confirm on their purchases. With this planning and designing, they must test on this system to see which one is more workable or not on the current system before implementing. It must also be user friendly for the customers to use. So with this new function, the customers can now book ticket from Kuala Lumpur to Bangkok and ticket from Melbourne to Taipei with one payment with their credit or debit card. It is now easier and time saving for the customer as they can save their time to purchase it two times. It is also reduce the chances for them to get the error problem. Question 2(a) Functions: Skybus, Skyvan, advertising, Help and Info Airasia creates airline system to provide useful and convenient for the users. Through the website, we know that Airasia provides a variety of services including skybus, skyvan and advertising. Skybus is a transport that offer low cost price in addition to quality service. Besides that, point to point shuttle service is provided from KL Sentral or One Utama to low cost carrier terminal and vice versa. There are 40 seater air conditioned coaches and also provides adequate space. The time taken from One Utama or KL Sentral to LCC-T is estimated at 1 hour 15 minutes and the ticket charged for KL Sentral is RM9 and One Utama is RM15. Skyvan provides door-to-door van service that will get you to the city such as LCCT, Genting Highlands, Port Dickson, Cameron Highlands, Melaka and so on. It is available from 9am to 9pm.But if u gets a ride between 6 am to 9am and 9pm to 11 pm, you will be surcharged rm20 per van. You will also be charge extra 30 percentage of total cost if it is in the middle of the night. At the same times, the prices are charged in different way which depends on sharing or charter. Advertising is also available on airline system. We learnt that there are few companies that have collaborated with skybus such as Airasia, Maxis and Digi. There are three types of advertisement for allowing companies to advertise including bus painting advertisement, on board advertisement and websites advertisement. The airline system also added few tabs at website including schedule, photo gallery, newsroom and help and info. As we know skybus schedule, it operates daily throughout the year, including public holidays. During peak-season, bus ran at a 15 minutes interval and 30 minutes interval off peak. Therefore, it is convenience for us to get ride straight away and no time is wasted. One of the tabs of Airasia is photo gallery at airline system. We could have a look at various type of Lcct opening, new buses1, new buses 2, skyvan and award. Besides that we could at least figure out the image of the skybus and skyvan from the front view and back view. The photos also prove the awards they have received. In order to let many users know about the latest event, Airasia will updated the advertisement on the home page. For example, they provide bus services to Sepang circuit from 8 April to 10 April 2011.The airline system also provide the detail of skybus schedule and price ticket. Furthermore, airline system also provides newsroom. It has posted lots of articles about skybus from newspaper such as news trait times, star metro and the edge Malaysia. It can enhance people knowledge and increase the reliability of Malaysia. Moreover, Help and Info is provided by Airasia. For enquires and customer services, user can contact them by reaching+6(016)-2176950 from 9 am to 10p.m.Another choice is sending a letter or email to them. In addition, it also provides FAQ and term and condition. In order to improve the service, t hey also created online feedback on online system so that people will give more opinion and Airasia appreciates the compliment from the users by posting them on the wall to share it with everyone. From the above information, users can compare among the airline services (Airasia, Mas airline and firefly )which are more convenient for them. For example, they may find out that Malaysia airline do not provide low cost transport such as skybus. For people who are of average family, they are not willing to spend on expensive transportation fee. Due t o economic crisis, most of people try to do research for the cost and make a budget for themselves. To determine whether is it worth or not, they may want information about flight ticket and transport fee charged by airline and also include the time taken from airport to their destination Most of the users using the airline system are travel agency, businessman, traveler and employees. They interact directly with the system. Travel agency helps their customer to book their flight ticket or prepurchases the ticket and then offers attractive package to their customer. Whereas, businessman is a person who is a workaholic and need to fly around the worlds in order to meet their client. As for traveler, they would like to travel overseas when they are free. Therefore, they are end users who interact with system directly. Besides that, employee manages the system by replying generic question or providing further information to their customers. In order to purchase tickets, first and foremost, you must select your departing and arriving cities. Select number of guest (adult or children) and stated the currency for the payment purpose. After you have key in all this information, now you can click the search and there will be process your requirement. Next, you will need to select flight schedule which will be displayed with fare and travel time. The following steps are user must key in their contact detail and personal detail. After that, you will be asked whether pre-purchase ticket or not. If you choose to pre-purchase, you will need to choose your destination (One Utama/ KL Sentral). Finally, you made the payment by using credit card or debit card. Airasia also provide information about bus service to Melbourne: foreign country Skybus information center of Melbourne airport provides a combined Metcard-Skybus ticket that is avail

The Anarchiste in Walden Two by Skinner Essay -- Psychology

In this time we must fully realize the true origins of our society, not the so called â€Å"party line† they feed us. True, while few of us find sanctuary in hidden places, what place is there for we strangelings? Is absolute equality truly a good idea? In our new world, our Walden Two, we are taught from an early age to behave, to conform. From our glass cages at birth, to our debuts at age seven, to our eventual marriages, all we do is in the name of a peaceful, simple existence. We are taught that anger is not allowed, faith in God is not allowed, anything harmful is forbidden! I ask of you, is this truly a life, much less, a life worth living? Now life was not always like this. Life used to be full of emotions, both dark and light. Pain and suffering were not to be avoided, but embraced. Can we really create true art through the same emotions again and again? Can we have unique lives if, like our sheep, we only follow what the prior generation and the one ere that tells us what is and what is not? Shall we continue to spread out our message, this ‘true’ message of peace and simplicity? In our origins we survived alongside the old ways; we meant to keep ourselves separate. We were taught how to survive, how to function as the Waldenites taught us, alongside the supposedly troubled outside world. Our world knows not the beauty any longer that the old one held. We are base, functional creatures, only doing what we are told to in hopes of reward, in a hope of praise. However, if that is not given, do we really care? Is there a point in keeping our society as such, much less spreading this tale of peace and love and harmony? How this worked, none of us know. Did we slowly overtake the old ways? Did Frazier’s... ...on of the Anarchiste, we believe that man must feel pain, must know himself before others, must know his own pain and suffering to truly live. To reason out all of this jumbled mess; their utopia, their dreamland, is in essence flawed. The basis they reasoned from, while, in essence true, was poorly executed. The only end that a utopia can come to is disaster. Espicially in this, their Walden, where the individual is ignored and distroyed in favour of the greater good. Is this greater good, this ease of living worth the sacrafice of small bits of oneself? We, the Anarchiste stand by the fact that no, it is not, nor shall it ever be so. Pain and suffering are the basis of life, they are the measure by which we know we are truly alive, and more so, above the sheep in our pasture, the cattle in our dairy. Rebel, refuse, this drab non-life! Viva la Anarchiste! The Anarchiste in Walden Two by Skinner Essay -- Psychology In this time we must fully realize the true origins of our society, not the so called â€Å"party line† they feed us. True, while few of us find sanctuary in hidden places, what place is there for we strangelings? Is absolute equality truly a good idea? In our new world, our Walden Two, we are taught from an early age to behave, to conform. From our glass cages at birth, to our debuts at age seven, to our eventual marriages, all we do is in the name of a peaceful, simple existence. We are taught that anger is not allowed, faith in God is not allowed, anything harmful is forbidden! I ask of you, is this truly a life, much less, a life worth living? Now life was not always like this. Life used to be full of emotions, both dark and light. Pain and suffering were not to be avoided, but embraced. Can we really create true art through the same emotions again and again? Can we have unique lives if, like our sheep, we only follow what the prior generation and the one ere that tells us what is and what is not? Shall we continue to spread out our message, this ‘true’ message of peace and simplicity? In our origins we survived alongside the old ways; we meant to keep ourselves separate. We were taught how to survive, how to function as the Waldenites taught us, alongside the supposedly troubled outside world. Our world knows not the beauty any longer that the old one held. We are base, functional creatures, only doing what we are told to in hopes of reward, in a hope of praise. However, if that is not given, do we really care? Is there a point in keeping our society as such, much less spreading this tale of peace and love and harmony? How this worked, none of us know. Did we slowly overtake the old ways? Did Frazier’s... ...on of the Anarchiste, we believe that man must feel pain, must know himself before others, must know his own pain and suffering to truly live. To reason out all of this jumbled mess; their utopia, their dreamland, is in essence flawed. The basis they reasoned from, while, in essence true, was poorly executed. The only end that a utopia can come to is disaster. Espicially in this, their Walden, where the individual is ignored and distroyed in favour of the greater good. Is this greater good, this ease of living worth the sacrafice of small bits of oneself? We, the Anarchiste stand by the fact that no, it is not, nor shall it ever be so. Pain and suffering are the basis of life, they are the measure by which we know we are truly alive, and more so, above the sheep in our pasture, the cattle in our dairy. Rebel, refuse, this drab non-life! Viva la Anarchiste!

Tom Morello of Rage Against the Machine :: Biography Bio

Freedom: Not with the PMRC There are so many people that stand for something I value. I choose Tom Morello. He is the guitar player for Rage Against the Machine, a political rock band that consists of two caucasians, a Chicano, and Tom, who has a white mother and an African-American father. This is a band that has many different views and beliefs that appeal to me, but Tom appeals to me the most because of his firm belief in freedom of speech and the elimination of censorship. Tom grew up in Libertyville, Illinois, and even though he was half-white, he was seen as being an African-American in a predominately white town. Tom’s father who was Kenya’s first ambassador to the United Nations and a leader of the Mau Mau uprising, left when Tom was only one. Tom’s life in Libertyville was filled with hate, racism, and censorship. Racial slurs were thrown at him, and on a few occasions nooses were hung from trees in his yard. When he would try to express his beliefs, he was told not to write these things by his teacher because he was into Marxism which was bad by his teachers’ standards. As a result, Tom found refuge in his music and in college, where he was able to express what he felt more openly. He graduated from Harvard with honors in 1986 with a degree in Political Science. Now he plays for a platinum selling band. Through the band, Tom has been able to bring to the attention of young people the problems of censorship in music, television, and the media. One of his big adversaries is the Parent’s Musical Resource Council (PMRC), which was founded by Tipper Gore. This council promotes the censorship of albums and other products by placing parental advisory stickers on them and using television rating systems. On the other hand, Tom’s mom, Mary Morello, formed an anti-censorship organization called Parents for Rock and Rap in 1987, with the help of her son. This organization was formed to stop censorship, especially in the music industry. In 1996 Mary won the Hugh Hefner First Amendment Award for work against censorship. On one occasion, Tom and Rage showed their firm stance against censorship. At the 1993 Lollapalooza stop in Philadelphia, they protested the PMRC in a way that no one there will ever forget. Tom Morello of Rage Against the Machine :: Biography Bio Freedom: Not with the PMRC There are so many people that stand for something I value. I choose Tom Morello. He is the guitar player for Rage Against the Machine, a political rock band that consists of two caucasians, a Chicano, and Tom, who has a white mother and an African-American father. This is a band that has many different views and beliefs that appeal to me, but Tom appeals to me the most because of his firm belief in freedom of speech and the elimination of censorship. Tom grew up in Libertyville, Illinois, and even though he was half-white, he was seen as being an African-American in a predominately white town. Tom’s father who was Kenya’s first ambassador to the United Nations and a leader of the Mau Mau uprising, left when Tom was only one. Tom’s life in Libertyville was filled with hate, racism, and censorship. Racial slurs were thrown at him, and on a few occasions nooses were hung from trees in his yard. When he would try to express his beliefs, he was told not to write these things by his teacher because he was into Marxism which was bad by his teachers’ standards. As a result, Tom found refuge in his music and in college, where he was able to express what he felt more openly. He graduated from Harvard with honors in 1986 with a degree in Political Science. Now he plays for a platinum selling band. Through the band, Tom has been able to bring to the attention of young people the problems of censorship in music, television, and the media. One of his big adversaries is the Parent’s Musical Resource Council (PMRC), which was founded by Tipper Gore. This council promotes the censorship of albums and other products by placing parental advisory stickers on them and using television rating systems. On the other hand, Tom’s mom, Mary Morello, formed an anti-censorship organization called Parents for Rock and Rap in 1987, with the help of her son. This organization was formed to stop censorship, especially in the music industry. In 1996 Mary won the Hugh Hefner First Amendment Award for work against censorship. On one occasion, Tom and Rage showed their firm stance against censorship. At the 1993 Lollapalooza stop in Philadelphia, they protested the PMRC in a way that no one there will ever forget.

The Character of Leggatt in The Secret Sharer Essay -- Joseph Conrad S

The Character of Leggatt in The Secret Sharer        Ã‚  Ã‚   This essay examines Leggatt as an independent person, rather than as a symbol connected to the captain-narrator, a view shared by many critics.   Leggatt is not a negative influence on the captain per se.   From an objective point of view, it can be seen that Leggatt's portrayal depends entirely on how the captain (as narrator) perceives him, and that he deserves to be treated as the individual being that he is.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Many of Conrad's critics, most notably Albert J. Guerard , Robert W. Stallmann , have taken the view that Leggatt, of the novella "The Secret Sharer," is either some sort of symbol of the captain's dark side, a kind of role model for the captain, or that he is part of the captain.   In this essay I will first examine the captain's portrayal of Leggatt, then argue that Leggatt is none of these, rather, he is a complete person in and of himself, and not simply part of the captain's personality deficiencies.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   At first glance it would seem that Leggatt is either the antagonist or provides a criminal influence on the captain.   By no means are Leggatt's decisions and actions exemplary.   Murdering mutinous crew members is hardly an acceptable practice, and avoiding justice, and one's punishment-all of which Leggatt do-only worsen the issue.   The captain claims that in swimming to the island Koh-ring, his double had "lowered himself into the water to take his punishment"   (Conrad 193).   However, as Cedric Watts argues, this is only true because Leggatt, by escaping justice, will face an uncertain future marooned on an island   (134).   In reality, Leggatt is doing the opposite; he is lowering himself into the water to escape from the law, ... ...as free as he can be while fleeing from the law.    Works Cited: Baines, Jocelyn.   Joseph Conrad:   A Critical Biography.   London:   Weidenfeld and   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Nicolson, 1959. Batchelor, John.   The Life of Joseph Conrad:   A Critical Biography.   Oxford:   Blackwell   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Publishers, 1994. Burgess, Chester Francis.   The Fellowship of the Craft:   Conrad on Ships and Seamen and   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   the Sea.   New York:   National University Publications, 1976. Conrad, Joseph.   Heart of Darkness and The Secret Sharer.   New York:   Bantam Books,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   1981. Graver, Lawrence.   Conrad's Short Fiction.   Berkeley:   University of California Press,    1969. Karl, Frederick Robert.   Joseph Conrad:   The Three Lives.   New York:   Farrar, Straus,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   and Giroux, 1979. Watts, Cedric.   A Preface to Conrad.   2nd ed.   New York:   Longman Publishing, 1993.       The Character of Leggatt in The Secret Sharer Essay -- Joseph Conrad S The Character of Leggatt in The Secret Sharer        Ã‚  Ã‚   This essay examines Leggatt as an independent person, rather than as a symbol connected to the captain-narrator, a view shared by many critics.   Leggatt is not a negative influence on the captain per se.   From an objective point of view, it can be seen that Leggatt's portrayal depends entirely on how the captain (as narrator) perceives him, and that he deserves to be treated as the individual being that he is.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Many of Conrad's critics, most notably Albert J. Guerard , Robert W. Stallmann , have taken the view that Leggatt, of the novella "The Secret Sharer," is either some sort of symbol of the captain's dark side, a kind of role model for the captain, or that he is part of the captain.   In this essay I will first examine the captain's portrayal of Leggatt, then argue that Leggatt is none of these, rather, he is a complete person in and of himself, and not simply part of the captain's personality deficiencies.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   At first glance it would seem that Leggatt is either the antagonist or provides a criminal influence on the captain.   By no means are Leggatt's decisions and actions exemplary.   Murdering mutinous crew members is hardly an acceptable practice, and avoiding justice, and one's punishment-all of which Leggatt do-only worsen the issue.   The captain claims that in swimming to the island Koh-ring, his double had "lowered himself into the water to take his punishment"   (Conrad 193).   However, as Cedric Watts argues, this is only true because Leggatt, by escaping justice, will face an uncertain future marooned on an island   (134).   In reality, Leggatt is doing the opposite; he is lowering himself into the water to escape from the law, ... ...as free as he can be while fleeing from the law.    Works Cited: Baines, Jocelyn.   Joseph Conrad:   A Critical Biography.   London:   Weidenfeld and   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Nicolson, 1959. Batchelor, John.   The Life of Joseph Conrad:   A Critical Biography.   Oxford:   Blackwell   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Publishers, 1994. Burgess, Chester Francis.   The Fellowship of the Craft:   Conrad on Ships and Seamen and   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   the Sea.   New York:   National University Publications, 1976. Conrad, Joseph.   Heart of Darkness and The Secret Sharer.   New York:   Bantam Books,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   1981. Graver, Lawrence.   Conrad's Short Fiction.   Berkeley:   University of California Press,    1969. Karl, Frederick Robert.   Joseph Conrad:   The Three Lives.   New York:   Farrar, Straus,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   and Giroux, 1979. Watts, Cedric.   A Preface to Conrad.   2nd ed.   New York:   Longman Publishing, 1993.      

JetBlue Airways Case Essay

Problem Identification Presently, David Barger, former COO elected CEO of JetBlue Airways (JetBlue), faces a key issue of slowing down their growth. The issue at hand is: What is the best path for JetBlue slow down their growth in the future airline industry? External Analysis Macro Economics Analysis For an analysis of the Macro Economics of the JetBlue, a PESTEL analysis is shown below for the United States. PESTEL Analysis Political: N/A Economic: The United Sates was hit hard economically from the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001. This caused fare wars amongst competitors in the airline industry and domestic airline yields to drop twenty percent. These yields wouldn’t recover from pre attack rates until 2006. In fact, as of October 2006, five major United States airlines were operating under Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection. Fuel costs in the United States have seen a dramatic increase since the terror attacks in 2001. Social:  The airline industry, like every other industry, has been affected by the introduction of the internet and its users. People have made it the norm to purchase their airline tickets over the internet instead of by phone or travel agent. These sites have become user friendly and even offer incentives to the buyer. Another social trend is reoccurring business passengers that fly all over the country for work or meetings bringing in a whole other market. Technological: Mostly every industry is driven by technology and the airline industry is no exception. The development of new planes and newer ways of manufacturing them hold a great deal of value for a company. The current planes that JetBlue operate with are the A320 and the E190. The A320 was a proven plane that JetBlue had begun using since their introduction in 2000. The E190 was turning into a promising plane that had great growth potential showing a much lower cost margin compared to the A320. The downside of the E190 is that it is not liked by JetBlue’s employees and customers as much as the A320. Environmental: Weather is the biggest threat to any travel industry, airliners in particular. Severe weather may cause flight delays or possibly cancellations making airlines an unreliable way to travel. Legal: The size of an aircraft and the amount of passengers that one can fly is regulated by the Air Line Pilots Association (ALPA). These regulations help ensure the relationship between regional airlines and legacy airlines. Pilots’ unions have even asked for scope clauses in their contracts to ensure that their routes are not encroached on by regional airlines. Airlines also operate under the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) which dictates to them when a flight can fly or not in certain weather conditions. To conclude, the airline industry like most industries has been dealing with economic downturn along with new social trends and the ever growing of today’s technology. Weather will always be an unpredictable travel flaw where such industries have no control of the results. Industry Analysis Industry: Commercial airline providers are separated by two divisions, long haul and short haul outings. The industry that JetBlue operates in is located in the U.S. and it is divided into three segments, legacy carriers, low cost carriers, and regional airlines. These segments serve each of the  divisions depending on the distance of the flight and the amount of passengers that can fit on the plane. This industry is a very competitive one and has been proven hard to turn a profit for most companies. Life Cycle: JetBlue, founded in 1999, achieved major airline status in 2004 by exceeding one billion dollars in revenue. JetBlue was also able to achieve the status of the ninth largest passenger carrier in the United States in 2005. JetBlue is currently in the mature stage their life cycle but they have several opportunities for future growth. Mark Powers, the senior vice president, was quoted saying that if JetBlue keeps on the same path of acquiring airplanes in bulk they will grow themselves to death. Competitors: As aforementioned the commercial airline industry is segmented into three types of carriers. Legacy carriers are the best known airlines in the U.S. and they got their name due to their long histories, some dating back to the 1920’s. These carriers also had a specific characterization called the hub and spoke system where these companies would have large hubs at specific airports where lots of their customers would catch connecting flight (spokes). Some examples of legacy airlines are United Airlines, American Airlines, and Delta Airlines. Low cost carriers, such as Southwest Airlines, operated by directly bringing the passengers to city to city, within the limits of 500 miles. This was attractive to passengers due to no layovers or connecting flights and utilized a market that would otherwise travel by car or bus. In fact, Southwest Airlines was the only airline in America who constantly that made profits each year from 1973 to 2005. Regional airlines services passengers on a plane of less than 76 seats, and were often used by legacy airlines to charter customers to large hubs to connect with their long haul flight. JetBlue competes directly with all these airlines and is often compared to Southwest Airlines, in terms of being a low cost carrier. Porters 5 Forces Model Degree of Rivalry: The degree of rivalry in the airline industry is very high, there are multiple companies offering the same service on a daily basis for customers to choose from. There have been price wars in the past usually low cost is the consumers ultimate decision criteria. Brand recognition makes rivalry even greater and incentives that each airline gives to their customers enable them to pick and choose which company they  prefer to travel with. Threat of New Entrants: Entry into the airline industry is very hard making the threat of new entrants very low. There are high barriers along with high capital costs to start operations. An airline is required to have certified pilots that include compensation and they must have substantial training in each aircraft in order to operate one. In order to benefit from economies of scale an airline must have a fleet of airplanes of at least forty to fifty, according to Tom Anderson the senior vice president of Fleet Programs. A new entrant would have a find it hard to compete in an industry with high brand recognition from the legacy airlines that have a loyal following of passengers with past experiences. Buyer Power: Customer power is extremely mixed between high and low in the airline industry. Customers ultimately get to pick and choose which airline best suits their specific needs making their power high, but the airlines have the power of setting industry prices and times for when flights depart. Customers are left with choosing between the criteria of a low priced ticket or a specific travel time making their power a little less high or even low. Supplier Power: The supply chain for JetBlue has a relatively high amount of power. Suppliers can pick and choose what airline they want to build for due to the highly specialized trade. JetBlue has found themselves buying airplanes as fast as their supplier, Embraer, can make them. Embraer entered into contract with JetBlue and has enabled them to customize their E190 aircraft in order to try and develop a competitive advantage over others. Fuel is a major source of supply in the airliner industry, with the ability to greater margins with lower costs. Fuel prices have seen a dramatic increase over the years from 2001’s price of seventy cents a gallon to two dollars and ten cents per gallon in 2007. Southwest takes some of this risk out of their operations with the use of fuel hedges. Threat of Substitutions: There are no substitutes for long distance air travel besides competing companies’ different airplanes, making the threat of substitution low. Planes can be substituted for other plans like the E190 to a regional jet (RJ), but the RJ has a 34% increase in cost per available seat mile. In a way JetBlue is operating as a substitute due to the fact that they offer 65% lower fares than legacy carriers. In terms of a travel substitutes, cars, buses, and trains are all viable substitutes for air travel if a customer decides to choose so. The above industry analysis shows that this is a highly competitive industry with varying power from consumers to suppliers. The overall conclusion is gaining loyal customers while keeping costs low in order to stay competitive in this industry. Most of the drivers of profitability are at a industry/market level rather than a general/firm level. Market Analysis Primary: By utilizing their different planes, JetBlue has been able to attract two types of primary customers. The A320, the larger plane for longer hauls, attracts the family that is going on vacation say to Florida. The E190, the smaller plane for shorter hauls, has attracted the business traveller that might be going to another state for a meeting. Each plane can serve either purpose depending on the distance need travelled but these are the norms that JetBlue has found for their passengers. Secondary: A secondary customer is served primarily on shorter hauls between cities. These revelers, as they have been called, travel from city to city for a sports event or a celebration of sorts and need to be on time without delay due to scheduling. JetBlue has found it hard in the past to guarantee no delays but continue to be one of the best in flight completion. This makes these customers non frequent flyers due to their reputation. Key Success Factors In the airline industry the following are the key success factor for a company to have: a way of attracting customers, managing of their staff, managing of their fleet, customer satisfaction, the ability to meet competitive prices, have a low cost per seat mile, a high passenger load factor, and a high amount of connecting flights for long hauls. The above external analysis shows us that this is a highly competitive industry full of a variety of players. In order to stay successful companies must keep costs low and have good customer service. The external factors in this industry are mostly out of the companies control and should be taken for what they are due to the impact they have industry wide. The planes that JetBlue operates with are exploitable in a way that gives them a competitive advantage by being able to adhere to two markets instantaneously. The A320 allows them to accommodate long haul travelers while the E190 allows them to accommodate the rest of the market. The Customer Bill of Rights was established after the Valentine’s Day crisis in 2007 and it describes JetBlue’s responsibilities to its customers in information sharing, cancellations, departure delays, overbookings, and on-board ground delays for arrivals and departures. These rights are the first of its kind among the U.S. airlines. JetBlue’s investment of $800 million for their new terminal in JFK airport with 26 new gates and a wide variety of passenger amenities gives them a huge competitive advantage. This shall attract brand recognition from the state of the art design along with the exclusive access in a very busy international airport. JetBlue with help from their supplier have been able to customize the E190 to include leather upholstery and satellite T.V. screens for each seat giving the passenger a comfortable and luxurious experience when flying. JetBlue for years has prided themselves as being the best in flight completion. BusinessWeek even had them as forth on the top performing companies in customer service. Value Chain The activities that create value for JetBlue are as follows: To lower fares JetBlue provided customers with incentives to purchase their tickets over the internet on the company website instead of by phone. If a customer still wished to book via phone then JetBlue has part time reservation agents who worked from home which in turn lowered their reservation function costs. Having their pilots exclusively fly one type of airplane and not both. To fly both they needed dual certification and needed to have â€Å"training† flying which was a form of non-revenue flight time for JetBlue. This cuts down on fuel costs as well as training time giving JetBlue’s pilots expertise with their aircrafts. â€Å"Red-Eye† Flights. Red-Eye flights are a useful capability  due to the fact that not many airlines provide them. These flights are done in the early hours of the morning and connect California to the eastern cities. Leverage: As seen above all the leverage ratios are above one meaning debt is higher than the equity produced by the firm. This can be seen as a positive and a negative. The positive is that the company has the potential to generate more money with this debt then without it. As seen in the financial statements, liabilities increase every year and so does operating revenues, maybe from a direct correlation. The negative aspect is that this gives the company another expense in interest deductive from revenues. Liquidity: The single liquidity ratio shows a lot concerning where a business is at in terms of being able to pay off your debt when need be. JetBlue’s current ratio shows a positive and a negative aspect. The positive aspect shows that in most of the past years JetBlue has had a ratio over one meaning they could pay all their current debt if called upon. The negative aspect is that in 2005 they fell below one and below industry standards. Profitability: In the case of profit ratios, JetBlue has a minor gap in between their net income and their operating income. The major difference is that in 2005 and  2006 the operating incomes were positive and the net income negative giving an indication that there is a factor that is causing a negative impact out of operations. The industry overall has not been profitable as seen in the analysis but JetBlue who has been compared to Southwest, who was profitable in these years, must make some changes to keep up to par. To conclude the above internal analysis JetBlue has many resources that they can use to gain a competitive advantage over their competitors. They also have several strong activities that add great value to their operations. Their financial stability might be uncertain at times but the industry as a whole is structured this way in the United States. Alternatives Alternative 1: Stop buying airplanes. Put a halt to all plane acquisitions for at least 3 years to stop the growth temporarily. Pros:Cons: – Stops from growing to death – Will make supplier upset – Allows to pay off existing debt – No further benefit of economies of scale – Allows for employees to adjust – Less maintenance costs Alternative 2: Scrap the A320. Live out the rest of the days of all A320 planes then scrap them from business operations and exclusively use the E190. Pros:Cons: – E190 provides better cost margins – Employees do not like the E190 as much – Using proven Southwest model of one type of plane- Would need to have a central hub in Kansas – Not wasting the remaining life of the A320’s – Make suppliers upset – Unique market of medium range planes, opportunity for growth Alternative 3: Scrap the E190. Live out the rest of the days of all E190 planes then scrap them from business operations and exclusively use the A320. Pro:Cons: – Employees like the A320 better – Make suppliers upset – Using proven Southwest model of one type of plane – Miss out on better cost margins of the E190 – Proven to be profitable in the past – Utilization of the new hub at JFK being built Decision Criteria The aforementioned alternatives need to be weighted with the below criteria prior to choosing a recommendation. Employee Satisfaction Customer Satisfaction How upset the Supplier will be Potential growth in the near future Recommendation We as a team recommend that JetBlue use alternative two. The reason that we have picked alternative two is due to the fact that it best fit our decision criteria. Even though employees are not as fond of the E190 compared to the old A320 we feel that they would adjust to the new setting quicker if that plane was their only option, this also includes the pilots and maintenance crew. Customers seem to like the E190 and the satisfaction should come more from JetBlue’s new policies and procedure from the Bill of Rights. We believe that the supplier will not be as upset due to the fact that JetBlue will still be buying these planes from them as they are needed. The E190 gave the best cost margins for potential growth in the near future compared to the legacy carriers and regional jets making it a the clear choice. In order to completely satisfy the entire market of the United Sates JetBlue would need a new central hub located in Kansas City, as mentioned by Rob Maruster. By only having one type of aircraft in the fleet it allows JetBlue’s structure to act like Southwest Airlines, with their Boeing 737, and allow their ground and flight personnel decreasing the average turnaround time between landing and getting back in the air. Implementation Implementation should begin with the stopping of purchasing or fixing the A320 planes. Once enough debt has been paid off from the saved money begin to construct a new central terminal in Kansas City. In the long term additional E190’s will need to be purchased enabling JetBlue to service more cities throughout the U.S. and keep the turnarounds quick. Contingency Plan If failing to be competitive and popular with the exclusive aircraft model we suggest trying to become an international airline and flying across to boarder countries like Canada and Mexico. This would not require additional capital in planes but merely agreements with countries regulations.